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2016年高考英语试题及答案解析-湖南卷

来自：查字典高考网 2016-06-17

2016普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标I）

英语

注意事项：

1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。

2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

第Ⅰ卷

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，现将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题 1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的 A,B,C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?

A.£ 19.15 B.£ 9.18 C.£ 9.15

答案是C。

1.What are the speakers talking about?

A.Having a birthday party.

B.Doing some exercise.

C.Getting Lydia a gift

2.What is the woman going to do?

A.Help the man.

B.Take a bus.

C.Get a camera

3.What does the woman suggest the man do?

A.Tell Kate to stop.

B.Call Kate, s friends.

C.Stay away from Kate.

4.Where does the conversation probably take place?

A.In a wine shop.

B.In a supermarket.

C.In a restaurant.

5.What does the woman mean?

A.Keep the window closed.

B.Go out for fresh air.

C.Turn on the fan.

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.What is the man going to do this summer?

A.Teach a course.

B.Repair his house.

C.Work at a hotel.

7.How will the man use the money?

A.To hire a gardener.

B.To buy books.

C.To pay for a boat trip.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?

A. Schoolmates.

B. Colleagues.

C. Roommates.

9.What does Frank plan to do right after graduation?

A.Work as a programmer.

B.Travel around the world.

C.Start his own business.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题

10.Why does the woman make the call?

A.To book a hotel room.

B.To ask about the room service

C.To make changes ti a reservation

11.When will the women arrive at the hotel?

A.On September 15

B.On September 16

C.On September 23

12.How much will the woman pay her room per night?

A. $179 B.$199 C. $219

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13.What is the woman’s plan for Saturday?

A.Going shopping B.Going camping C.Going boating

14.Where will tne woman stay in Keswick?

A.In a country inn B. In a five-star hotel C. In her aunt’s home

15.What will Gordon do over the weekend?

A.Visit his friends B.Watch DVDs C.Join the woman

16.What does the woman think of Gordon’s coming weekend?

A.Relaxed B.Boring C.Busy.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题

17.Who is Wang Ming?

A.A student B. An employer C .An engineer

18.What does the speaker say about the college job market this year?

A.It’s unpredictable B. It’s quite stable C.It’s not optimistic

19.Whar percentage of student job seekers have found a job by now?

A.20％ B.22％ C.50％

20.Why are engineering graduates more likely to accept a job?

A.They need more work experience

B.The salary is usually good

C.Their choice is limited.

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

You probably know who Marie Curie was,but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson.Of the outstanding ladies listed below,who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?

Jane Addams(1860-1935)

Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.Addans helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community(社区)by creating shelters and promoting education andservices for people in need In 1931,Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.

Rachel Carson(1907-1964)

If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today.Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans.

Sandra Day O’Connor(1930-present)

When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952,she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(参议员) and ,in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. O’Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.

Rosa Parks(1913-2005)

On December 1,1955,in Montgomery,Alabama,Rasa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison.But it also set lff the Montgmery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired lr giving in,”said Parks.

21.What is jane Addams noted for in history?

A.Her social work.

B.Her lack of proper training in law.

C. Her efforts to win a prize.

D.Her community background.

22.What is the reason for O’Connor’s being rejected by the law firm?

A.Her lack of proper training in law.

B.Her little work experience in court.

C.The discrimination against women.

D.The poor financial conditions.

23.Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the US?

A.Jane Addams.

B.Rachel Carson.

C.Sandra Day O’Connor.

24.What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?

A. They are highly educated.

B. They are truly creative.

C. They are pioneers.

D. They are peace-lovers.

Grandparents Answer a Call

As a third generation native of Brownsville, Texas, Mildred Garza never pleased move away,. Even when her daughter and son asked her to move to San Antonio to help their children, she politely refused . Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms Gaf finally say yes. That was four years ago. Today all three generations regard the move to a success,giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities.

No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to the children and grandchildren. Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing. Even President Obama’s mother-in-law, Marian Robinson, has agreed to leave Chicago and into the White House to help care for her granddaughters. According to a study grandparents com. 83 percent of the people said Mrs. Robinson ‘s decision will influence the grandparents in the American family. Two-thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obama’s family.

“in the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldn’t get away from home far enough fsst enough to prove we could do it on our own,”says Christine Crosby, publisher of grate manazine for grandparents .We now realize how important family is and how important”” to be near them, especially when you’re raining children.”

Moving is not for everyone. Almost every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices, but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead. Having your grandchildren far away is hard, especially knowing your adult child is struggling, but giving up the life you know may be harder.

25.Why was Garza’s move a success?

A．It strengthened her family ties.

B．It improved her living conditions.

C．It enabled her make more friends.

D．It helped her know more new places.

26.What was the reaction of the public to Mrs. Robinson’s decision?

A．17% expressed their support for it.

B．Few people responded sympathetically.

C．83% believed it had a bad influence.

D．The majority thought it was a trend.

27.What did Crosby say about people in the 1960s?

A．They were unsure of raise more children.

B．They were eager to raise more children.

C．They wanted to live away from their parents.

D．They bad little respect for their grandparent.

28.What does the author suggest the grandparents do in the lasr paragraph?

A.Make decisions in the best interests' of their own

B. Ask their children to pay more visits to them

C.Sacrifice for their struggling children

D.Get to know themselves better

I am peter Hodes ,a volunteer stem courier. Since March 2012, I've done 89 trips of those , 51 have been abroad, I have 42 hours to carry stem cells（干细胞）in my little box because I've got two ice packs and that's how long they last, in all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor(捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient, we’ve got 72 hours at most, So I am always conscious of time. 学科&网

I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem cells in Providence, Rhode Island, and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London. But when I arrived at the check-in desk at Providence, the lady on the desk said:”Well, I’m really sorry, I’ve got some bad news for you-there are no fights from Washington.”So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said:”In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient-please, please, you’ve got to get me back to the United Kingdom.”She just dropped everything. She arranged for a flight on a small plance to be held for me.re-routed(改道)me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled.

For this courier job, you’re consciously aware than that box you’re got something that is potentially going to save somebody’s life.

29.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “courier” in Paragraph17

A.provider B.delivery man

C.collector D.medical doctor

30.Why does Peter have to complete his trip within 42hours?
A. He cannot stay away from his job too long.
B. The donor can only wait for that long.
C. The operation needs that very much.
D. The ice won't last any longer.
31.Which flight did the woman put Peter on first?
A.To London B.To Newark
C.To Providence D.To Washington
D
The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gapwith conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person's needs.
Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what maybe implied(暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.

Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic udner discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.

Nurses and other care-geivers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be expericencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.

What does the author say about silence in conversations?

It implies anger.

It promotes friendship.

It is culture-specific.

It is content-based.

Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?

The Chinese.

The French.

The Mexicans.

The Russians.

What does the author advise nurses to do about silence?

Let it continue as the patient pleases.

Break it while treating patients.

Evaluate its harm to patients.

Make use of its healing effects.

What may be the best title for the text?

Sound and Silence

What It Means to Be Silent

Silence to Native Americans

Speech Is Silver; Silence Is Gold

第二节（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

Secret codes (密码)keep messages private。Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.

People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 36 Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.

There are three main types of cryptography. 37 For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” Spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”

38 You might represent each letter with a number, For example, Let’s number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet me” would read “13 5 20 13 5.”

A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. 39 For example, ”bridge“ might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.” 40 However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.

A.It is very hard to break a code without the code book.
B.In any language, some letters are used more than others.
C.Only people who know the keyword can read the message.
D.As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.
E.You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.
F.With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.
G.Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.

第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45）

第一节完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A Heroic Driver

Larry works with Transport Drivers. Inc. One morning in 2009. Larry was __41__

along 165 north after delivering to one of his 42. suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on.43 he got closer, he found 44 vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed 45 shooting out from under the 46 vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47 the fire extinguisher (灭火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.

The man who had his bright lights on 48 and told Larry he had 49 an emergency call. They 50 heard a woman’s voice coming from the wrecked (毁坏的) vehicle. 51 the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay 52 until the emergency personnel arrived, 53 she thought the car was going to 54 . Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move 55 she injured her neck.

Once fire and emergency people arrive, Larry and the other man 56 and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the 57 if he was needed or 58 to go. They let him and the other man go.

One thing is 59 —Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His 60 most likely saved the woman’s life.

41.A.walking B.touring C．traveling D．rushing

42.A.passengers B.colleagues C.employers D.customers

43.A.Since B.Although C.As D.If

44.A.each B.another C.that D.his

45.A.flames B.smoke C.water D.steam

46.A.used B.disabled C.removed D.abandoned

47.A.got hold of B.prepared C.took charge of D.controlled

48.A.came down B.came through C.came in D.came over

49.A.returned B.received C.made D.confirmed

50.A.then B.again C.finally D.even

51.A.Starting B.Parking C.Passing D.Approaching