来自：查字典高考网 2014-12-25
Suburbanization
If by suburb is meant an urban margin that grows more rapidly than its already developed interior， the process of suburbanization began during the emergence of the industrial city in the second quarter of the nineteenth century. Before that period the city was a small highly compact cluster in which people moved about on foot and goods were conveyed by horse and cart. But the early factories built in the 1840s were located along waterways and near railheads at the edges of cities， and housing was needed for the thousands of people drawn by the prospect of employment. In time， the factories were surrounded by proliferating mill towns of apartments and row houses that abutted the older， main cities. As a defense against this encroachment and to enlarge their tax bases， the cities appropriated their industrial neighbors. In 1854， for example， the city of Philadelphia annexed most of Philadelphia County. Similar municipal maneuvers took place in Chicago and in New York. Indeed， most great cities of the United States achieved such status only by incorporating the communities along their borders.
With the acceleration of industrial growth came acute urban crowding and accompanying social stress-conditions that began to approach disastrous proportions when， in 1888， the first commercially successful electric traction line was developed. Within a few years the horse-drawn trolleys were retired and electric streetcar networks crisscrossed and connected every major urban area， fostering a wave of suburbanization that transformed the compact industrial city into a dispersed metropolis. This first phase of mass-scale suburbanization was reinforced by the simultaneous emergence of the urban Middle Class， whose desires for homeownership in neighborhoods far from the aging inner city were satisfied by the developers of single-family housing tracts.
【托福写作背诵文选全集（9）】相关文章：
[标签：海外留学,语言考试,托福,,]
探秘历史 第二季 第233集 考英语用来睡觉，结果仍是高考状元，如今她怎么样了？
高考阅卷名师给考生的高考作文密训课 第5集 高考作文审题实操方法精讲（三）
amc传媒音乐影像 第一季 第600集 高中校长演唱《记忆花园》为高考学子助力打气
你高考成绩高吗？这道题目怎能成立？高难度奥数，能不能把你难住
2019全国高考志愿填报攻略 第50集 天津市高考历史三年本科录取排名
一边扔试卷一边玩摇滚？这个学校的高考减压方式，真是帅到没朋友
探秘历史 第二季 第211集 此人高考数学考了0分，因作文写3句话被重点大学录取
