来自：查字典高考网 2014-12-25
Suburbanization
If by suburb is meant an urban margin that grows more rapidly than its already developed interior， the process of suburbanization began during the emergence of the industrial city in the second quarter of the nineteenth century. Before that period the city was a small highly compact cluster in which people moved about on foot and goods were conveyed by horse and cart. But the early factories built in the 1840s were located along waterways and near railheads at the edges of cities， and housing was needed for the thousands of people drawn by the prospect of employment. In time， the factories were surrounded by proliferating mill towns of apartments and row houses that abutted the older， main cities. As a defense against this encroachment and to enlarge their tax bases， the cities appropriated their industrial neighbors. In 1854， for example， the city of Philadelphia annexed most of Philadelphia County. Similar municipal maneuvers took place in Chicago and in New York. Indeed， most great cities of the United States achieved such status only by incorporating the communities along their borders.
With the acceleration of industrial growth came acute urban crowding and accompanying social stress-conditions that began to approach disastrous proportions when， in 1888， the first commercially successful electric traction line was developed. Within a few years the horse-drawn trolleys were retired and electric streetcar networks crisscrossed and connected every major urban area， fostering a wave of suburbanization that transformed the compact industrial city into a dispersed metropolis. This first phase of mass-scale suburbanization was reinforced by the simultaneous emergence of the urban Middle Class， whose desires for homeownership in neighborhoods far from the aging inner city were satisfied by the developers of single-family housing tracts.
【托福写作背诵文选全集（9）】相关文章：
★ 托福写作速成
[标签：海外留学,语言考试,托福,,]
你高考成绩高吗？这道题目怎能成立？高难度奥数，能不能把你难住
amc传媒音乐影像 第一季 第598集 西安原创乐队走进英泰青卓 用音乐助力高考学子
乾坤已定，组合解读2019高考数学全国3卷理科18题，你是黑马吗？
他高考作文仅得6分，总分428分，被985高校录取，却被导师拒绝！
优秀！英语数学双满分，广西“最牛”高考状元730分刷新最高纪录
爆笑班主任 第一季 第220集 高考前最后一只视频，山东王老师揭秘高考的秘密
广州早晨 2019 山西一高中班主任带学生骑行1800公里去上海
高考体育四项生的日常训练——深蹲移动跳：发展膝关节，踝关节力量。
葛军大爷怒了：高考我出了个小学数学送分题，你们跟我说不会做？
