来自:查字典高考网 2014-12-25
Suburbanization
If by suburb is meant an urban margin that grows more rapidly than its already developed interior, the process of suburbanization began during the emergence of the industrial city in the second quarter of the nineteenth century. Before that period the city was a small highly compact cluster in which people moved about on foot and goods were conveyed by horse and cart. But the early factories built in the 1840s were located along waterways and near railheads at the edges of cities, and housing was needed for the thousands of people drawn by the prospect of employment. In time, the factories were surrounded by proliferating mill towns of apartments and row houses that abutted the older, main cities. As a defense against this encroachment and to enlarge their tax bases, the cities appropriated their industrial neighbors. In 1854, for example, the city of Philadelphia annexed most of Philadelphia County. Similar municipal maneuvers took place in Chicago and in New York. Indeed, most great cities of the United States achieved such status only by incorporating the communities along their borders.
With the acceleration of industrial growth came acute urban crowding and accompanying social stress-conditions that began to approach disastrous proportions when, in 1888, the first commercially successful electric traction line was developed. Within a few years the horse-drawn trolleys were retired and electric streetcar networks crisscrossed and connected every major urban area, fostering a wave of suburbanization that transformed the compact industrial city into a dispersed metropolis. This first phase of mass-scale suburbanization was reinforced by the simultaneous emergence of the urban Middle Class, whose desires for homeownership in neighborhoods far from the aging inner city were satisfied by the developers of single-family housing tracts.
【托福写作背诵文选全集(9)】相关文章:
[标签:海外留学,语言考试,托福,,]
乾坤已定,组合解读2019高考数学全国3卷理科18题,你是黑马吗?
高考前必听的5首励志歌曲,《Dream it possible》最能鼓舞人心!
沈阳音乐学院郎亦农教授的女高音高考曲目解析课程 第9集 《赛吾里麦》演唱讲解,音乐表现一定要自然流畅
探秘历史 第二季 第211集 此人高考数学考了0分,因作文写3句话被重点大学录取
探秘历史 第二季 第233集 考英语用来睡觉,结果仍是高考状元,如今她怎么样了?
美术联考用纸上海考试模拟试卷纸高考统考纸 4k水粉纸素描纸 速写纸卡纸美术模拟测试试卷纸 美术考试专用纸
探秘历史 第二季 第479集 河南叛逆高考生,写下8000字批判作文,现状如何?
学渣儿子高考,英语选择题全选B!老师通报成绩的那一刻父亲懵了
NBA流言收割机 第6集 神预测?高考数学试题暗示猛龙勇士4
1000张学生用草稿纸考研专用免邮空白便宜薄演草演算纸白纸本书写纸批发打草a4大张实惠装18k高考数学草稿本
沈阳音乐学院郎亦农教授的女高音高考曲目解析课程 第1集 沈阳音乐学院郎亦农为你讲解女高音高考曲目