全国站

热门城市 | 全国 北京 上海 广东

华北地区 | 北京 天津 河北 山西 内蒙古

东北地区 | 辽宁 吉林 黑龙江

华东地区 | 上海 江苏 浙江 安徽 福建 江西 山东

华中地区 | 河南 湖北 湖南

西南地区 | 重庆 四川 贵州 云南 西藏

西北地区 | 陕西 甘肃 青海 宁夏 新疆

华南地区 | 广东 广西 海南

资    源
  • 资    源
当前位置:查字典高考网>高考资源网>高考试题>2017届山东省济南第一中学高三上学期期末考试 英语

2017届山东省济南第一中学高三上学期期末考试 英语

来自:查字典高考网 2017-02-17

济南一中2016—2017学年度第一学期期末考试

高三英语试题

 

本试卷分第I(选择题)和第II(非选择题)两部分;考试时间120分钟;满分150分。

 I  (选择题,共100)

注意事项:

1. 答第I卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂写在答题卡上。

2. 每小题选出答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试卷上。

3. 考试结束,考生将第二卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分:听力(共两节,满分30)

做题时,请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节:(5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的ABC三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.How much does the woman weigh now?

A. 147 pounds        B. 153 pounds       C. 160 pounds

2.What will the woman do next?

A. Do shopping      B. Go to a bank        C. Visit a park

3.Which transportation did the man take?

A. The bus         B. The taxi         C. The underground

4. Where does the conversation take place?

A. At a store.       B. At a tailor’s.      C. At home.

5. What does the woman think of the advertisements?

A. Funny           B. Meaningless      C. Useless

第二节(15小题;每小题1.5分,合计22.5)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的ABC三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料,回答67题。

 

6. How did the man know about Bossa Nova?

A. From a newspaper.  B. From the woman.   C. From his mother.

7. What did the woman like most about Bossa Nova

A. The food.         B. The atmosphere.     C. The service.

听第7段材料,回答89题。

8. What is the man’s favorite hobby?

A. Painting.         B. Cycling.            C. Going to the net.

9. Why does the woman make the phone call to the man?

A. To show him a book.

B. To ask his brother to call Lyn.

C. To invite his brother to see a collection.

听第8段材料,回答1012题。

10. Why does the woman talk to the man?

A.  To seek his opinion on her paper.

B.  To get his guidance for her classes.

C.  To ask for information of a degree.

11. What does the man think is special about the master’s classes?

A. The students have to hand in a paper.

B. The students should have a high level of analysis.

C. There are few discussions in them.

12. What does the man say about the woman’s paper?

A. There’re a few mistakes in it.

B. It is badly-organized.

C. It is perfect.

听第9段材料,回答1316题。

13. What are the speakers talking about?

A. A building.            B. A flood.        C. A river.

14. Where are the speakers now?

A. In the woman’s house.   B. In a garden.     C. In a school.

15. What did the woman do at first when the whole thing happened?

A. She left her house.      B. She tried to stop it.   

C. She moved the furniture out.

16. How does the woman feel now?

A. Optimistic.         B. Hopeless.          C. Angry.

听第10段材料,回答1720题。

17. What is the main purpose of the speaker’s words?

A. To report on work.

B. To get more support.

C. To get rights for the state.

18. According to the speaker, on what should the government spend more money?

A. Army.            B. Personnel.        C. Education.

19. What does the speaker think should be banned from doing

A. Selling guns in stores.

B. Raising the cost of police cars.

C. Increasing the number of police officers.

20. On what does the man intend to increase the taxes?

A. Gas.             B. Wine.             C. Cigarettes.

第二部分:阅读理解 (共两节,满分40)

第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(ABCD)中,选出最佳选项,并在题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Join Traveling Stories for a Night Out So They Can Read! On Friday, November 7th, Traveling Stories will be holding the Night out So They Can Read event at the Moniker Warehouse in San Diego’s East Village from 7pm to 10pm. Participants will be able to enjoy drinks and tasty food from a few of San Diego’s amazing restaurants!

The event, hosted by a famous author Michael Anderson, will benefit both Traveling Stories’ local and international literacy (读写) programs. Many activities will take place during the night. IDW Publishing will be hosting a Children’s Art Show, where everyone will be able to walk through the gallery and get to know the inspiring stories of all the children influenced by the Story Tent program. There will also be silent auction (拍卖) tables, as well as a fun group quiz to see who really is smarter than a 3rd grader!

Don’t miss out! This night is going to be lots of fun! It is our hope that through the Night Out So They Can Read event, Traveling Stories will be able to increase the number of children who form a habit of reading. Help us make this goal possible!

Tickets for the event are only $42 a piece until October 20th! Act fast and get the Early Bird special! Once it ends, tickets go up to $47 a piece. There are also VIP tickets available for $52 (price increases to $55 after Oct 20th)! The VIP ticket includes access to a Mixology Class presented by St. Petersburg Vodka at 6:30pm, and reserved parking in the Moniker Lot.

Please visit our TICKETS EVENT PAGE or the EVENT PAGE on TravelingStories.org in order to learn more, as well as purchase tickets!

21. What’s the main idea of the passage?

   A. More books for children will come out.      

B. An organization stresses the importance of reading.

C. Traveling Stories will hold a reading event for children.           

D. Children are called on to donate books to Traveling Stories.

22. Which of the following activities is NOT included in the event?

   A. Donating books            B. Taking a fun quiz

C. Attending an art show       D. Enjoying delicious food

23. What’s the main goal of the event?

A. To sell books to children.              B. To advertise for a new website.

C. To introduce some new programs.       D. To encourage more children to read.  

B

In my memory, my dad always encouraged me to be my best self, explore the world, and believe in those who cared and loved me, which helped to make me who I am today. Besides, I’ve grown up with a pretty good model that my father always was.

One year, my father nearly lost his life. He was twenty-seven years old then. For several months, he’d been suffering from stomach pains. My dad was a former track star, so he knew how to handle pain. Convinced it was nothing serious, he just made a face until it was over whenever it flared up. My mom and dad were visiting his parents in Englewood, New Jersey when extreme pain struck my dad again. However, that time, the pain didn’t fade away although my father tried to take control of it. Meanwhile, my dad developed a high fever. My grandparents rushed him to a nearby hospital. The doctors in the emergency room were confused about his condition. My dad’s symptoms seemed consistent with appendicitis (阑尾炎), but the pain wasn’t localized to the lower part of his stomach, where the appendix (阑尾) is located. While they were debating what to do, a 33-year-old surgeon named Dr. Ibrahim, spoke up. “It must be an appendix.” Dr. Ibrahim guessed it was a rare condition and insisted that my dad should receive an operation immediately, although others were against his decision.

Dr. Ibrahim turned out to be very correct. My dad was wheeled into surgery and his appendix was removed just before it could burst and cause a deadly infection. At last, he got rid of danger.

What if my father hadn’t been in Englewood that day? What if young Dr. Ibrahim hadn’t been there to point out what the older and more experienced doctors hadn’t considered? He was in the right place at the right time, and it saved his life. Now I am a father of two children. Like my father I will never forget Dr. Ibrahim.

24. What can we know about the author’s father?

   A. He set a good example for the author.

B. He was in poor health in his younger days.

C. He seldom helped the author overcome troubles.

D. He liked to learn from others to improve himself.

25. Why did the author mention that his father was a former sports star?

A. To show off his father’s achievements.

B. To prove his father’s strong will power.

C. To explain why his father always suffered pains.

D. To emphasize the importance of taking exercise.

26. Which can best replace the underlined phrase “flared up” in Paragraph 2?

A. slid quickly              B. stayed for a while     

C. disappeared gradually      D. broke out suddenly

27. What’s the passage mainly about?

A. A terrible family travel experience.

B. The determination of the author’s father.

C. A timely operation on the author’s father.

D. The importance of learning from experience.   

C

The biggest challenge faced by travelers especially those who like to have a backpacking trip is how to ensure a steady supply of clean clothes. Now, thanks to a great invention called Scrubba Wash Pack, that worry may be a thing of the past.

The portable washing machine was invented by Ash Newland in 2010, while planning to climb Mt. Kilimanjaro. Struck by the limited packing space, he got inspiration from traditional washboards to create a bag that could be used to clean clothes. Then he quitted his career as a lawyer and focused on perfecting the bag’s design. By 2012, the bag was ready for the public. It weighed only 180 grams and required very little storage space, making it perfect for anyone wishing to travel light.

Not surprisingly, the bag worth 55 dollars was in instant hit with travelers, university students and even passengers. However, Newland was not satisfied. He still saw a disadvantage with his invention—dirty clothes had to be carried around in a separate bag! The recently introduced Scrubba Wash Pack solves that problem.

In order to make the pack active, dirty clothes are placed inside the bag along with two or three liters of water. The bag is then shut tightly to ensure all air is squeezed out and the clothes are massaged for a few minutes. After a quick wash, they are clean and ready to be dried. According to Newland, the pack can clean anything from jeans to smelly socks! What’s even more amazing is that with a capacity to hold 13-liters of water, it can be used to wash more clothes at a time.

The best part is that the 99-dollar pack that will be available for sale later this year, only weighs 300 grams and is completely foldable, making it easy to store when it’s not in use. With the Scrubba Wash Pack, wandering through foreign cities searching for a washing shop, or paying for washing machines may soon be a thing of the past!

28. What led Ash Newland to create the Scrubba Wash Pack?

A. His job requirements             B. a traditional washboard     

C. His interest in invention          D. His personal experience

29. Why wasn’t Ash Newland satisfied with his former invention?

A. Clothes couldn’t be washed well.            

B. The invention was not so convenient.

C. The bag couldn’t contain enough water.        

D. The cost of the invention was very high..

30. It can be inferred that the improved Wash Pack ____________.

A. turns to be much environmentally friendlier       

B. will replace the traditional washing machines

C. will be widely used by more travelers in the future

D. can encourage more people to travel a long distance

31. What is the purpose of this passage?

A. To introduce a great new invention.     

B. To explain the development of backpack

C. To list some common problems for travelers

D. To compare two kinds of washing machines     

D

After successfully serving their term for four years, military service men and women are given the choice to stay in the military or return to civilian life.

For some, having to readjust to civilian life is one of the most challenging assignments our returning soldiers and marines(水兵) will ever have to undertake. While people may think that readjusting should be simple, they must take into consideration all the physical and mental stress our serviceman went through.

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder(创伤后应激障碍), or PTSD, is a mental disorder that can occur following the experience or witnessing of life-threatening events such as military combat.

Most survivors of trauma return to normal given a little time. In the military, the marines are given a two-week course on how to return to civilian life.

Unfortunately, some will have stress reactions that do not go away on their own, or may even get worse over time. These individuals may develop PTSD. People who suffer from PTSD have difficulty sleeping because they are often reliving the experience through nightmares and flashbacks, and feel deserted or often stand off, and these symptoms can be severe enough and last long enough to significantly damage the person’s daily life.

Fullerton College, like most college, has its own Veteran’s(老兵) Office. Ray Bustos has been running the office for 3 years. Bustos acts as a liaison(联络) for the school and the veteran students. He makes sure the veterans returning to school get the right benefits. There are various types of financial aid for soldiers and marines. He strongly encourages the use of the Veterans Affairs website. The website is very informative and extremely helpful for veterans as well as for friends and relatives of veterans who want to learn more.

32. One purpose of the writer in writing this passage is _______.

A. to introduce some methods to cure PTSD

B. to instruct PTSD patients to return to civilian life

C. to recommend a website for veterans and people concerned

D. to give military service men and women advice on civilian life

33. What problem will some returning soldiers and marines meet with?

A. How to get rid of mental diseases.         B. How to readjust to civilian life.

C. How to get along with PTSD patients.      D. How to return to school for benefits.

34. Which of the following is true about Ray Bustos?

A. He is in charge of an office dealing with veteran affairs.

B. He runs Fullerton College with a veteran office.

C. He is a veteran who has just come back from a military combat

D. He provides a lot of financial aid for soldiers and marines.

35. The best title for the passage is ______.

A. PTSD: Killer of A Civilian Life         B. The Last Assignment for All Military Persons

C. How to Overcome PTSD              D. Ready for A Civilian Life?

第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分1 0分)

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多

余选项。

   The holiday season isn’t just about shopping and gifts.  36   However, holiday travel can be more expensive than the gifts. Fortunately, the following tips will help keep your travel spending under control.

l Plan ahead. The earlier you book your travel, from airfare to hotels, the easier it is to find good deals.   37   Your best prices on airfare come when you book three weeks before the plane leaves for domestic flights. For international flights, consider booking about 30 days in advance. Many experts point out that you should book travel between one month and three months out for high-traffic holidays.

l Book your air travel on cheaper days. Traveling by air on Tuesdays and Wednesdays often costs less than traveling on Fridays and Sundays. During the holidays, it’s not just about a specific day of the week. You also need to consider the days surrounding the holiday but days immediately before and after a holiday can be expensive. One of the best ways to save is to plan your air travel on the day of the holiday.   38

l Consider traveling overnight. Red-eye flights and overnight flights often cost less than those at more convenient times.   39   Traveling overnight can help you avoid a night in the hotel, as well as save your money on travel to your destination.

  40   You can’t bring liquids with you on the airline, but you can bring sandwiches and other snacks. When you’re on the road, you can buy food at local groceries to make your own meals. If you are staying in a hotel long-term, consider cooking your own food, especially if you have access to a microwave.

A. Bring your own food.

B. Consider affordable accommodations.

C. Traveling by plane is not the best choice.

D. Also, booking earlier can save your money.

E. For instance, traveling on Christmas Day might be a great deal.

F. A great deal of travel also takes place during this time of year.

G. Other alternatives include sleeper trains, as well as overnight ferries.  

第三部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)

第一节完形填空(共20小题:每小题1. 5分,满分30分)

阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(ABCD)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

 It was an unforgettable weekend. I had a great time at the  41  . However, after I reached home, I noticed my owl necklace was  42  . I was so worried that I  43  every room in the house, but my efforts were in   44  . Then I decided to head back to the beach. My husband thought I was  45  , as the huge beach was nine miles from our home. How could I  46  one tiny necklace? What if it came off in the ocean? I was  47  to even consider that as a possibility. I knew I had to try.

   After searching for several hours at the beach, I  48  an elderly man with metal detector (探测器) in his hand. I raced up to him and asked  49  he had come across a necklace. He opened his hand and showed me his  50  --some coins. He said if the saw my necklace he would  51  return it to me. I also wanted him to have enough  52  to mail it so I gave him a $5 bill and told him my name and my address. Then I left.

   My husband  53  me that he would buy me a new one. But I turned down his nice  54  , as that necklace couldn’t be   55  . It was my dad who had found a special way to give me that  56  necklace. There had been a yard sale in my community. Among the things that were put on  57  he found the necklace. Unable to  58  it, my dad offered to build a bookshelf for the owner as a(n)  59  .

   Unexpectedly, three days later, I 60  a package. Inside were a $5 bill and my owl necklace. The moment I saw the necklace, I couldn’t help crying.

41. A. campus B. beach C. library   D. museum

42. A. broken B. valuable C. missing D. popular

43. A. searched B. cleaned C. occupied D. measured

44. A. evidence B. danger C. vain D. control

45. A. curious B. clever C. careless D. crazy

46. A. repair B. locate C. describe D. observe

47. A. unable B. eager C. prepared D. unwilling

48. A. rescued B. noticed C. admired D. hired

49. A. where B. when C. whether D. why

50. A. achievement B. equipment C. charge D. priority

51. A. randomly B. gratefully C. gladly D. impossibly

52. A. time B. postage C. reason D. ability

53. A. teased B. reminded C. blamed D. comforted

54. A. gesture B. invitation C. assistance D. comment

55. A. destroyed B. decorated C. replaced D. recognized

56. A. similar B. precious C. temporary D. practical

57. A. schedule B. occasion C. approval D. display

58. A. afford B. devote C. preserve D. repair

59. A. advantage B. decision C. exchange D. reward

60. A. delivered B. received C. donated D. accepted

 

 II  (非选择题,共50)

注意事项:用0. 5毫米黑色签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。

第二节语篇填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)

阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(每空一词)或括号内单词的正确形式(不多于3个单词)。

Many people travel during the holiday season but do not make sure that their houses and homes   61  (protect). Crimes go up   62   (rapid) during the winter and summer holiday seasons. Here are some things that you should keep in mind when you go on holiday.

Always give   63   (strange) the feeling that you are at home. Have the snow   64   (clean) off your stairs or out of your driveway during the winter season. You might ask someone to park   65  car in your driveway.

Tell your newspaper deliverer that you are not at home.  66   (have) a pile of newspapers and other mail on your doorsteps tells people that you are not at home, so you could also have a neighbor 67  a relative get your mail every day.

Fix a timer(定时器) in some of your rooms   68  turns lights on and   69  during different time of the day. Some TVs also come with a timer that you could set to be turned on during certain time. Have motion(运动)sensitive lights outside your house that keep thieves away   70  you are not at home.

笫四部分写作(共两节;满分35分)

第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)

Today we had the honor of invite Professor Hudson, a foreign teacher from Beijing University, to give us an English lesson. All of us were deeply impressing by this unforgettable English lesson. The professor began the class in an amusing English story, which attracted our attention at once. He spoke slowly and clearly so that we could follow him well. Great inspired, most of us took active part in classroom activities. After class, many students being interviewed spoke highly of him. They said never before have they experienced such interesting a class. From his lesson, we came to a conclusion what it is not so difficult to learn English whether we find a good way.

笫二节书面表达(满分25分)

假定你是高三学生李华, 想给你的美国朋友Tom发邮件,交流你所参加的新年期间庆祝活动以及对于2017年的打算。邮件应该包括以下内容:

1.新年庆祝活动及感受

2 2017年的计划及措施

注意:1.必须包括上述要点,但可适当发挥,使邮件完整通顺。

2. 词数:100左右。


济南一中2016—2017学年度第一学期期末考试

高三英语试题答案

听力:

1-5BACAC    6-10 ABACC    11-15 BABCB   16-20 ABCAC

阅读:

21—23 CAD   24—27 ABDC  28—31 DBCA    32—35 CBAD

36—40 FDEGA

完型:

41—60 BCACD   BDBCA  CBDAC  BDACB

语篇填空:

61. are protected  62.rapidly   63. strangers   64. cleaned   

65. his/her   66. Having    67. or    68. which/that  69. off   70. when/while

改错:

Today we had the honor of invite Professor Hudson, a foreign teacher

inviting

from Beijing University, to give us an English lesson. All of us were

deeply impressing by this unforgettable English lesson. The professor

impressed

began the class in an amusing English story, which attracted our attention

with

at once. He spoke slowly and clearly so that we could follow him well.

 

Great inspired, most of us tookΛactive part in classroom activities.

Greatly                   an

After class, many students being interviewed spoke highly of him. They

 

said never before have they experienced such interesting a class. From his

had               so

lesson, we came to a conclusion what it is not so difficult to learn English

that

whether we find a good way.

 if

更多内容请下载:2017届山东省济南第一中学高三上学期期末考试 英语

【2017届山东省济南第一中学高三上学期期末考试 英语】相关文章:

高考满分作文:滴水之恩涌泉报

2015年新课标I英语答案

高考作文:智慧三境

2017年高考语文科普文章阅读提分秘籍

2016年高考复习:历史同步练习题及答案(25)

高考满分作文:形式与内涵

2016高考语文复习:专项强化练习题及答案(24)

2015年普通高等学校招生理综 化学试题(新课标1)

高考满分作文:我心中的春

高考满分作文:“倔”和“笨”的力量

网友关注

2019高中班主任工作计划范文

关于2007年青海省普通高等学校艺术类专业招生工作有关事宜的通知

2017年吉林警察学院艺术类专业招生简章公布

八年级班主任工作计划2019

江苏09年高考招生日程确定 艺术生12月统考

浙江2017艺术类专业招生办法出台

2007年河南省普通高等学校招生服装模特(含艺术模特、空乘)类专业统考实施细则(试行)

中南大学艺术类招生访谈:新增音乐表演专业

2017年云南师范大学艺术类招生专业简介出炉

2019实习班主任工作计划

2007陕西省高考艺术类招生解读

浙江省2007年普通高等学校艺术类专业招生办法

武汉理工大学2019年普通本科招生章程

甘肃省16年普通高校招生艺考大幕将启

招生章程要阅读、读懂并分次读

“金钥匙”紧握于手,高考议论性散文写作了然于心

选择“服从专业调剂”, 还会被退档吗

09年艺术特长生答疑 53所高校在河南招生

四川师范大学07艺招访谈:招生变化及新增专业

艺考不“易”考 2.6万考生抢2000个招生名额

粤高考艺术类招生冷清 报考人数首次下降

四川美术学院2019年本科招生简章

河南2014年艺术类招生细则公布

甘肃艺考如何选院校?资深教师帮你“定位”

山东公布09年艺术类招生方案 呈现五大变化

上海戏剧学院07艺招访谈:招生规模增加10%

百余省外院校招生 安徽艺考6大变化

平行志愿的第一顺序志愿未必是最重要的志愿

学前班班主任工作计划范文大全

陕西科技大学2014年艺术类招生指南

网友关注视频

这四首励志歌曲,送给为梦起航的高考学子们,听完心潮澎湃!

2019高考数学第四题技巧秒出答案

高中语文知识清单高考语文总複习工具书第5次修订五全綵版五三曲一线科学备考基础知识手册知识大集结资料书参考书导书高一高二高三

视频|2019全国高考今日开考: 语文特级教师评析上海卷高考作文

2019高考·语文试题有亮点 凸显时代主题 厚植家国情怀

高考体育四项生的日常训练——深蹲移动跳:发展膝关节,踝关节力量。

这!就是专业 第20集 长沙理工大学—数据科学专业

创艺第二届:2019届高考录取表彰大会暨“核桃音乐节”合影——你只管努力,剩下的交给创艺

这!就是专业 第36集 河北经贸大学——数学专业

看懂图片,你也会做高考地理题,解析2019年高考文综地理4

老马讲高考真题第九季2018年高考地理新课标一卷第37题

老外:外国理科高材生遇到中国数学高考,看到题目狂喊:NO!

组合名师余老师在线讲解2019高考数学全国3卷理科16题

老师好:这大概是高考前所有班主任都会干的事,取消一切副课!

武汉美术高考

他高考作文仅得6分,总分428分,被985高校录取,却被导师拒绝!

高考作文:全国2卷 材料作文破题分析 2019高考助力

amc传媒音乐影像 第一季 第598集 西安原创乐队走进英泰青卓 用音乐助力高考学子

2019 广西:帅气学霸高考730分 数学英语满分!

初二辍学,3次高考落榜,如今却成为最成功的音乐人之一

2019年高考数学全国2卷理科第4题讲解及答案

招办面对面 第2集 中国科学技术大学

小品:马云被宋小宝调侃当年数学高考考一分!

如何制作100万层的酥皮糕点?推算过程像数学高考题

最新高考数学全国2第12题视频讲解及答案

学渣儿子高考,英语选择题全选B!老师通报成绩的那一刻父亲懵了

高中数学 107 高考如何秒杀数列

高考政治一轮:《经济生活》第九课(社会主义市场经济)练习

张雪峰高考志愿填报指南 第47集 高考志愿,令人头疼的数学系,才是专业万金油,毕业后机会多

优秀!英语数学双满分,广西“最牛”高考状元730分刷新最高纪录